Finally, I might have found something useful.
This link is to a number of links to stuff related to standard characters.
this font, at least according to this page, and this page, seems to be the “standard” font that includes the characters for use in Taiwan. Here’s what I gather.
According to a standard released in 1993, there are 18,369 total characters (including 4,808 ‘common use’ characters, 6,343 ‘less commonly used’ characters, and 3,986 rare characters and 2,820 variant characters and 412 附錄 fu4lu4 characters (?).
In 1997 they added an additional 5,879 characters (3,989 rare characters and 1,824 variant characters, 66 fulu characters and 684 “CNS 11643” [some international standard] characters)
That brings the total to 24,248 (with ~5,000 in ‘common use’ and ~11,000 in more general use).
Now, with that, somehow or another we should be able to get a list of all the characters. I just have no idea how to do it. Of course, Feiren’s suggestion of just getting the MOE publication with the list is probably the best so far.
P.S. I could be badly misunderstanding what’s going on here, I’m happy to accept any corrections.