Here are instructions in Chinese, but can be translated using the Google translate option.
For senders using FedEx or UPS, no handwritten shipping label (Airbill) will be accepted at the nearby stores, so please be sure to provide the shipping label printed on the website
This page above lists the fees for various types of passports.
More up-to-date English translation of passport application form.
The link in the original post is for a Chinese version which asks for asks for your marital status and the names of your parents.
Here I am posting the link to an English translation of the Chinese version that does not ask for your marital status or the names of your parents
Note that in general instructions posted on this thread are for people who are applying from the U.S. and a country other than Taiwan. ROC Nationals residing in Taiwan are given different forms. https://www.boca.gov.tw/cp-143-491-e4d47-2.html
Here are the passport instructions for new-born babies
For first-time ROC passports, get birth certificates and marriage certificates authenticated and also submit originals. If authentication has to be done by a TECO other than the one you are getting the passport from, do authentication first. If authentication needs to be done by the same TECO, then you can submit the documents without getting authentication done beforehand.
The USA passport of a parent does not have to be authenticated. It appears that it is acceptable to submit a notarized copy.