As for question 1 (conscription)
As for question 3
Your passport will be expire after 10 years, though you can renew it overseas.
https://www.roc-taiwan.org/uschi_en/post/51.html
Your household registration will be moved out if you don’t enter in Taiwan with your taiwanese passport for two years, so you will lose your citizenship. Though, you can reactivate your HHR anytime by entering taiwan with your taiwan passport.