How did Taiwan get so lucky?

South Korea would be another example.
Its more to do with the culture , Chinese ethnic groups value hard work and material success more. So do the Vietnamese, so do the Koreans and the Japanese. Less so for some SE Asian countries.
Taiwan has done well to get to this point but it needs to pull up it’s socks and the KMT need to stop favoring the rich and asset holders all the time. It needs to make the move toward a more caring society in terms of pushing for higher wages, better social welfare provision, better working conditions, cleaner environment. These concepts have been quite slow to be implemented and Taiwan is very much a follower, when the Koreans do it the Taiwanese will think about doing it.
Basically to make a further leap in living standards they have to change the model they have been following, but I see change here as being painfully slow.