Is their a word in English to describe someone on the path to redemption?
If not why not? Seems like a fairly common condition.
You mean a noun? Since one is supposedly making good on one’s sins, could you use a penitent or a repenter?
Is there a word for that in Chinese?
Perhaps it can be “Lien Chan’s” official English name. 
atoner?
Isn’t that the part inside a laser printer these days.