Is it legal for a broker to hold someone's passport?

Brokers have ‘friends’ in the government, so it is very difficult to do anything about them. In fact, some of the regulations, especially in regard to ‘protecting’ blue collar workers, are actually there to make sure only a connected broker can do hiring. It’ll be very difficult to get rid of such a system.

I’ll just add one more thing. There have been cases where the worker refused to pay and threatened to report the broker, and the broker did stop taking the money. I know two women personally who have done this, and they’ve encouraged other workers to speak up when they were being taken advantage of. Then again I’m sure there are also brokers who threatened workers with deportation so I guess it depends on the worker and how much she wants or needs that money.