Also, why do you have to adopt a chinese name on naturalising… maybe this and renunciation requirement stem from the same idea.
You have to be willing to completely become one of them.
But many of them have dual nationality. 
But they are real 華人。
Then that would make indigenous Taiwanese not one of them?
Many 華人 came to Taiwan as refugees from China less that a century ago.
The nationality laws were largely written by that group.
Yes which is why I often related the Taiwan ROC nationality and citizenship process to a process designed to facilitate bringing in and gradually settling (Chinese) refugees fron outside the country.
Ironically this process is hardly open to real refugees at all.
Look at how difficult they started to make it for the hongkongers. Forget about ‘others’… no chance.
This paradox extends far beyond Taiwan. Even though countries like US, Australia, etc. were founded by migrants, they all end up enforcing strict borders today.
Imagine if Australia or the US demanded you choose an anglo name (today) on naturalisation?
Taiwan is on another level and in a previous century on some of these issues.
It’s the leftover of the ethnostate model of the ROC that is leading to many, not all, of these problems.
And in that way, it is NOT the same as other migrant based nations like Australia, NZ, or Canada, despite the ignoble pasts of each of these places.
Guy
Can you live and/or naturalize in the US or Australia without having a name using the latin alphabet?
If I remember correctly, they don’t even accept German names containing Umlauts (äöüß) on their visa / ESTA forms.
I doubt a 陳 can naturalize in the US without changing their name to CHEN (or similar).
You don’t have to choose something like David Wang… if you’re german you don’t need to change your name to brown etc.
That’s not a name change… they already have that name in their passports. A change of script isn’t a change of name.
There was a point in time when it was expected that a foreign person adopt a western given name in the West, but that time has past now.
…which they need for practical reasons as most countries don’t allow Chinese names for travel.
I disagree with that: The optical appearance is completely different. And often, the transliteration is not bidirectional, i.e. people with different names in Chinese end up with same English name. Also, there are different ways / standards to do this transliteration.
It’s mostly a technical vehicle for practical reasons - but I would never consider a transliterated name truly identical to the one in the original script / alphabet…
Using standard pinyin would produce better results.
It should be restricted to the one system… another quirk of Taiwan.
Hey this keeps us distinct! It’s not unlike the way Canadians favour the spelling of certain words to make sure we are not mixed up with our war-mongering neighbours.
Guy
But there is no standard… the government has now adopted pinyin as the official version. But many signs and people’s names are still in one of the older versions.
You need to be more precise than this.
Places like Taipei City have done so, so “Xinyi Road” and so on. But it’s still Taipei City, and not “Taibei City.”
And when you leave the capital, all manner of excitement awaits . . . 
Guy
I’m in Kaohsiung.
You’re seeing hanyu pinyin as the standard there for the street names? That is not how I experienced that town!
Guy