Please note: Some of this info is out of date. Make sure to read the responses below.
After having explained the process to a couple of fellow Brits, I thought it would be easier to put it up here and refer people to it in the future. This document is required to obtain a residence visa based on marriage. The steps below are how I did it - there may be other ways possible.
The UK Police do not issue such a thing as a “Certificate of Good Conduct” or a “Police Clearance Certificate”. What you have to do instead is apply for Subject Access under the terms of Data Protection Act.
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You will need to apply to the local police force of your last place of residence in the UK (in my case Avon and Somerset Constabulary). You can download the application form online - here is ASC’s example (pdf doc). I used my father’s address (which was where I last resided in the UK) and so the form was sent to him - they will not send the form overseas. (EDIT: it seems I was wrong about this - see highwave’s post below.)
One crucial thing to remember about this document is that as far as the Taiwanese authorities are concerned it is only valid for three months from when it is issued. So getting everything done is a real race against time.
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Fill the form out, add your cheque for ten pounds, copies of your ID and then send it off to the filth.
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They will issue the response within 40 days (probably towards the end of this period) and send it to the UK address you listed on the form. Check the date on the response - the clock has started ticking on your three months.
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Your helper in the UK (my Dad, for me), should then send it to the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London to have it legalised. There are two ways to do this - in person or by post. If your helper applies in person the office can have the document back to your helper on the same day. Applying by post takes up to four weeks, but for me was the only option (seeing as my Dad lives in Bristol and works full-time).
You need to make sure that your application includes the police report, a short covering letter explaining why you want the document legalised, an SAE (recommend a pre-paid Recorded Delivery envelope) so they can return it to your helper, and payment for the service (27 pounds, payable by company (not personal) cheque, postal order or debit/credit card - for which you need to fill in another bloody form (pdf). Send that lot to:
The Legalisation Office
Old Admiralty Building
The Mall
London SW1A 2LG
- When they send it back to your helper, they will then need to send it to the Taipei Representative Office in London for authentication. This application should include:
i) an application form (Word doc)
ii) the police letter, now nicely stamped by the FCO
iii) payment, by business cheque, banker’s draft or postal order, for eight pounds
iv) an SAE (Recorded Delivery is good)
Save yourself hassle, and download the application form in Taiwan, fill out and post it to your helper in advance. If you ask them to fill it in for you (and you don’t want them to forge your signature!) then you need to have given them power of attorney over your UK affairs (which is another additional hassle you don’t need).
So, your helper needs to post that lot to:
Taipei Representative Office
50 Grosvenor Gardens
SW1W OEB
London
They will then stamp it and return it in a week or so.
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Once your helper receives this letter back (now stamped by both the FCO and TRO), they should send it out to you in Taiwan asap.
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Receive your letter in Taiwan, and admire the piece of paper which only took three months and seventy-odd pounds (including p&p) to obtain. But don’t admire it for too long, because you need to get that down to the National Immigration Agency fast before it expires.
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As you can see, the key to getting this done is forward planning - you need to work out when you will need the certificate and then apply at the right time. Apply too early and it will have expired before you need it, apply too late and you’ll be waiting for this one piece of paper to process your resident visa application.
Remember too, that if you have been in Taiwan over five years - rejoice! You don’t need to apply for an English certificate - you can get it done locally at a fraction of the hassle and cost.