That’s true, for a start.
Both slavery and the election of Lincoln are mentioned in South Carolina’s “Declaration of the Immediate Causes Which Induce and Justify the Secession of South Carolina from the Federal Union,” of December 24, 1860:
[quote]A geographical line has been drawn across the Union, and all the States north of that line have united in [color=#000080]the election of a man to the high office of President of the United States[/color], whose opinions and purposes are hostile to slavery. He is to be entrusted with the administration of the common Government, because he has declared that that “Government cannot endure permanently half slave, half free,” and that the public mind must rest in the belief that slavery is in the course of ultimate extinction.[/quote] avalon.law.yale.edu/19th_century/csa_scarsec.asp
Lincoln’s election is alluded to and slavery features prominently in Mississippi’s secession document, entitled “A Declaration of the Immediate Causes which Induce and Justify the Secession of the State of Mississippi from the Federal Union,” adopted January 9, 1861:
[quote]Our position is thoroughly identified with the institution of slavery - the greatest material interest of the world.
[Hostility to slavery][color=#000080] has recently obtained control of the Government[/color], by the prosecution of its unhallowed schemes, and destroyed the last expectation of living together in friendship and brotherhood.[/quote] digitalhistory.uh.edu/learni … ssippi.cfm
Here’s part of Alabama’s document, entitled “An Ordinance to dissolve the union between the State of Alabama and the other States united under the compact styled ‘The Constitution of the United States of America,’” adopted January 11, 1861:
[quote][color=#000080]Whereas, the election of Abraham Lincoln[/color] and Hannibal Hamlin to the offices of president and vice-president of the United States of America, by a sectional party, avowedly hostile to the domestic institutions [I have no reasonable doubt as to the identity of the main domestic institution being referred to–cj] and to the peace and security of the people of the State of Alabama, preceded by many and dangerous infractions of the constitution of the United States by many of the States and people of the Northern section, is a political wrong of so insulting and menacing a character as to justify the people of the State of Alabama in the adoption of prompt and decided measures for their future peace and security. . . .[/quote] ehistory.osu.edu/uscw/features/r … ession.cfm
Slavery and the election of Lincoln are mentioned in Georgia’s secession document entitled “A Declaration of the Causes which Impel the State of Georgia to Secede from the Federal Union,” adopted on January 29, 1861:
[quote]. . . the anti-slavery portion of the defeated party [i. e., of the Whigs, defeated in the election of 1852–my note, cj] resolved to unite all the elements in the North opposed to slavery and to stake their future political fortunes upon their hostility to slavery everywhere. This is the party to whom the people of the North have committed the Government. They raised their standard in 1856 and were barely defeated.[color=#000080] They entered the Presidential contest again in 1860 and succeeded. [/color][/quote] civilwar.com/resources/gover … orgia.html
To me, cause is a tricky thing.
[quote]CLUMLY: Tell us why you burned the papers in your billfold.
PRISONER: Because I wasn’t out of matches.[/quote]–John Gardner, The Sunlight Dialogues
So I guess one could say that one cause of the Civil War was that people weren’t out of guns and ammunition. I don’t know how, or even whether, that would fit into Aristotle’s scheme of Four Causes; I didn’t major in philosophy. But I imagine we could probably come up with more than four kinds of causes if we wanted to.
I believe that slavery was very much involved in the Secession and the War. I don’t know whether Lincoln was a real cause of the War, but I doubt whether someone who says Lincoln was a cause, or even the cause, is, by the mere act of saying so, any crazier than the next person.
But say, Tempo, would you vote for Uncle Earl if he were alive and running?
[quote]“Fellas like Faubus and Rainach and Leander Perez and da rest of da White Citizens and Southern Gentlemen in dis state want to go back behind Lincoln,” he said. “And between us, gentlemen, as we sit here among ourselves,” he said arresting a chunk of fried steak in mid-air and leaning forward to give his statement more impetus, “[color=#000080]we got to admit dat Lincoln was a fine man and dat he was right[/color].”
Then, as he turned back to the steak, skewering it against a piece of ham before swallowing both, he caught my look of astonishment and cried, too late, “But don’t quote me on dat!”[/quote]–A. J. Liebling, The Earl of Louisiana (1961)